JLPT N2 Grammar
Complete list of JLPT N2 Grammar points with meaning, formation, examples and audio. Tap any point for a full explanation.
- 〜を余儀なくされる be forced to; have no choice but to
- 〜あげく after (much) ...; in the end (after a long process)
- 〜あまり out of (too much) ...; so ... that
- 〜あまりの〜に so much ... that; out of sheer ...
- 〜以上は now that; since (it is a fact that)
- 〜一方で on the one hand ..., on the other; while
- 〜以来 since; ever since
- 〜上で（目的） in order to; for the purpose of
- 〜上で（〜てから） after doing; upon (having done)
- 〜上は now that; since (given that)
- 〜得る／〜得ない can (possibly) / cannot (possibly)
- 〜折に on the occasion of; when
- 〜かいもなく in vain; despite (one's efforts) to no avail
- 〜限り（限界） to the utmost; as much as possible
- 〜限り（条件の範囲） as long as; as far as; so long as
- 〜がたい hard to ~, difficult to ~
- 〜かと思うと no sooner ~ than, just when ~ then
- 〜か〜ないかのうちに almost as soon as ~, right when ~ (before it's even finished)
- 〜かねない might (well) ~, could end up ~ (something bad)
- 〜かねる cannot do; be unable to bring oneself to
- 〜かのようだ as if; as though
- 〜からいうと judging from; from the standpoint of
- 〜からして judging from; even ... (let alone)
- 〜からすると judging from; from the standpoint of
- 〜からといって just because…(doesn't mean)
- 〜気味 a touch of; -ish; tending toward
- 〜きり ever since (…and that was the last)
- 〜くせに even though; despite (with reproach)
- 〜くらいなら rather than; if it comes to (doing) ...
- 〜げ looking ...; seeming ...; with an air of ...
- 〜ことだ you should ...; the best thing is to ... (advice)
- 〜ことだし since; given that (offering a reason)
- 〜ことなく without (doing); never (doing)
- 〜ことか how ...! (exclamation of degree)
- 〜ことになると when it comes to...; in the matter of...
- 〜ことに（は） to one's (surprise/joy/regret)…
- 〜ざるを得ない cannot help but…; have no choice but to…
- 〜次第 as soon as…; immediately after…
- 〜次第だ / 〜次第で depends on…; according to…
- 〜末に after much … / finally, in the end
- 〜ずじまい ended up not doing … (and regret it)
- 〜ずにはいられない can't help but … / can't stop oneself from …
- 〜っぽい -ish / tends to … / looks like …
- 〜そうにない unlikely to (do); shows no sign of
- 〜だけあって just as you'd expect (from); fitting for; no wonder, given
- 〜だけに precisely because; all the more so since
- 〜だけまし at least it's better that...; could have been worse
- 〜たて freshly ...; just ...-ed
- 〜たものではない can't possibly ...; not something one can ...
- 〜っこない there's no way ...; couldn't possibly ...
- 〜つつ while ...; even though ...
- 〜つつある to be in the process of (gradually) ~ing
- 〜てこのかた ever since ~ (and continuing up to now)
- 〜てでも even by ~ing (going to such lengths)
- 〜てならない can't help feeling ~; ~ unbearably
- 〜てはいられない can't afford to ~; can't keep ~ing
- 〜てまで／〜までして even going so far as to ~; even to the point of ~
- 〜てみせる will surely ~ (show resolve); to do ~ for someone to see
- 〜というものではない it's not necessarily the case that ~; ~ isn't always true
- 〜といった such as ...; ... and the like
- 〜といったら speaking of ...; as for how (extremely) ...
- 〜とかで because (it seems / I heard) ...
- 〜どころか far from ...; not only ... but (on the contrary) ...
- 〜ところだった was about to / almost happened (but didn't)
- 〜どころではない this is no time for / far from being able to
- 〜として〜ない not even one / not a single
- 〜となると when it comes to / if it turns out that
- 〜に越したことはない it's best (if) ~; nothing beats ~
- 〜に応えて in response to ~; living up to ~
- 〜に際して on the occasion of ~; when ~
- 〜に限って of all things; only ... (and surprisingly so)
- 〜に相違ない there is no doubt that ...; must surely be ...
- 〜にて at / in / by / with (formal で)
- 〜のみならず not only ... (but also ...)
- 〜っぱなし leaving (something) as it is; doing and leaving it that way
- 〜ぶる to put on airs of; to pretend to be; to act like
- 〜ないことには〜ない unless …, (it won't …); without doing …, nothing will happen
- 〜ないことはない it's not that … can't be done; it's possible (to some extent); not impossible
- 〜ずに済む / 〜ないで済む get by without doing; manage without having to do
- 〜ないでもない / 〜ないものでもない it's not that one can't / won't; it's possible to some extent
- 〜ないとも限らない it's not necessarily not...; there's no guarantee it won't...
- 〜にあたり / 〜にあたって on the occasion of; at the time of; when about to
- 〜に応じて according to; in response to; depending on
- 〜に限らず not limited to; not only ... (but also)
- 〜に限り only (in the case of); limited to
- 〜に加えて in addition to; on top of; as well as
- 〜に先立って prior to; before (a major event)
- 〜にしたら from ~'s point of view; as for ~ (feelings)
- 〜にしては for ~; considering ~ (unexpectedly)
- 〜にすぎない is no more than; merely; just
- 〜に沿って along; in line with; in accordance with
- 〜につけて every time; whenever (something prompts a feeling/thought)
- 〜にともなって accompanying; along with; as ~ (changes)
- 〜にほかならない is nothing other than; is precisely; is none other than
- 〜にもかかわらず in spite of; despite; even though
- 〜に基づいて based on; on the basis of
- 〜ぬ not (classical/literary negative)
- 〜は抜きにして / 〜抜きで without; leaving out; setting aside
- 〜ぬく to do thoroughly to the end; to do completely (through hardship)
- 〜の上（じょう）では in terms of; as far as ... is concerned; on the level of
- 〜のことだから since it's (a person we know well), ...; knowing ..., ...
- 〜のもとで under (the guidance/influence of); under the auspices of
- 〜ばかりか not only ~ (but also)
- 〜ばかりだ keeps ~ing (one-way change); only ~ left
- 〜ばかりに just because ~ (with bad result)
- 〜はさておき setting ~ aside (for now)
- 〜はともかく(として) setting aside ~; ~ aside; leaving ~ for now
- 〜はまだしも / 〜ならまだしも if it were ~ it'd be (more) acceptable, but ~
- 〜はもとより not only ~ (but also); ~ of course, and also
- 〜反面 on the other hand; while ~, on the flip side ~
- 〜まい will not / surely not (negative volition or negative conjecture)
- 〜ままに as it is / following (one's will, the situation) just as it comes
- 〜もかまわず without caring about / regardless of
- 〜もしない doesn't even (do) / not even bothering to
- 〜ものか absolutely not...! / as if...! (strong rhetorical denial)
- 〜ものがある there is something (moving / remarkable) about... / really...
- 〜ものだ（感慨） how ... it is! / one really does... (deep feeling / reminiscence)
- 〜ものだ（当然 / 忠告・義務） one should... / it's natural that... (general truth / advice)
- 〜ものだから because (giving an emphatic excuse/reason)
- 〜ものなら if you (possibly) could… (challenge/dare or near-impossible wish)
- 〜ものの although; even though (yet…)
- 〜もん／〜んだもん because…! (casual, pouty excuse)
- 〜やら〜やら what with ~ and ~ (listing examples, often with a sense of trouble or excess)
- 〜ようとしている to be about to ~ ; to be trying to ~ (right now)
- 〜ようものなら if (one even dares to) ~ , then (a dire result)
- 〜を契機に taking ~ as an opportunity / turning point; prompted by ~
- 〜を頼りに relying on; with the help of
- 〜を問わず regardless of; irrespective of
- 〜を除き except for; excluding
- 〜をはじめ starting with; including (as a prime example)
- 〜をめぐって concerning; over; surrounding (a disputed issue)
- 〜をもとに based on; on the basis of
- 〜んだから since (it's a fact); precisely because; after all