JLPT N3 Grammar
Complete list of JLPT N3 Grammar points with meaning, formation, examples and audio. Tap any point for a full explanation.
- 〜として as (a role/status/capacity)
- 〜とともに together with; along with; as
- 〜など / なんて / なんか and so on; things like; (belittling) such as
- 〜につき（比率） per; for each
- 〜合う do to each other; mutually
- いくら〜ても no matter how much ...; however ...
- 〜一方だ keep on ...-ing; ... more and more
- 〜上に on top of that; moreover; in addition to
- 〜うちに while; before (a state ends)
- 〜おかげで thanks to; owing to (a good result)
- 〜おきに at intervals of; every (other)
- 〜おそれがある there is a risk/fear that
- お〜だ honorific 'be doing' (respectful state)
- 〜がきっかけで with ... as the trigger; ... was what started it
- 〜かける／〜かけの to half-do; half-finished, in the middle of
- 〜がち tend to; prone to; apt to (often, usually negative)
- 〜かな(あ) I wonder…; …, I guess
- 〜から〜にかけて from … to … (range of time or place)
- 〜からには now that…; since… (so naturally one should…)
- 〜かわりに instead of…; in place of…
- 〜きる to do completely / to finish doing; to do utterly
- 〜くらい（軽視） (something) as trivial as ~; merely ~; at least ~
- 〜結果 as a result of ~; the outcome of ~ was ~
- 〜こそ precisely ~; it is exactly ~ that ~; ~ above all
- 〜こと (nominalizer) the act/fact of; that ...
- 〜ごとに every; at each; per
- 〜ことから because of; from the fact that; which is why
- 〜ことになっている it is a rule/arrangement that; be supposed to
- 〜ことはない there is no need to ~
- 〜込む to ~ into / thoroughly / fully
- 〜最中に right in the middle of ~ing
- 〜際に on the occasion of ~, when ~
- 〜さえ〜ば if only ...; as long as ...
- 〜しかない / 〜ほかない have no choice but to ...
- 〜じゃない？ isn't it? / right? (seeking agreement)
- 〜ずに without doing ...
- 〜せいで because of (negative cause); on account of
- 〜たがる (a third person) wants to; shows signs of wanting
- 〜だけでなく…も not only … but also
- たとえ〜ても even if; no matter how/whether
- 〜たところ just (did); the moment when
- 〜たびに every time; each time when
- 〜たものだ used to (do); would often (nostalgia)
- 〜だらけ full of; covered with (negative)
- 〜だろう（なんて〜だろう） how ~! (exclamation of surprise/emotion)
- つい〜てしまう to do ~ unintentionally / in spite of oneself
- 〜ついでに while ~ / taking the opportunity to ~
- 〜っけ what was ~ again? (recalling/confirming)
- 〜ている場合じゃない this is no time to do ~
- 〜てからでないと unless ~ first; not until ~ is done
- 〜てしかたがない can't help feeling ~; ~ unbearably
- 〜て済む can get by with just ~; ~ is enough to settle it
- 〜てたまらない unbearably; can't help (feeling)
- 〜といけないから in case (something bad happens); so that ... won't
- 〜てはじめて only after; not until
- 〜ても構わない it's fine even if; don't mind if
- 〜てもしかたがない there's no use ...ing; no point even if
- 〜ても始まらない no point even if; gets you nowhere to
- 〜といえば speaking of; when it comes to
- 〜ということだ I hear that; it means that; in other words
- 〜というよりも rather than ...; more ... than
- 〜といっても although I say ...; even though I call it ...
- 〜通す to do ... all the way through; to keep doing ... to the end
- 〜とおりに just as ...; in the same way as ...
- 〜とか〜とか things like ~ and ~ (non-exhaustive examples)
- 〜としたら if ~ (were the case); supposing that ~
- 〜としても even if ~; even supposing ~
- 〜とたん the moment ~; just as ~
- 〜途中で / 〜途中に on the way; in the middle of (doing)
- 〜とのことだ I hear that ~; (someone) says that ~ (reported information)
- 〜とは限らない not necessarily ~; it isn't always the case that ~
- 〜とみえる it seems that ~; apparently ~ (judging from evidence)
- 〜なあ expresses feeling/admiration; 'how ... !', 'I wish'
- 〜直す do ... again, redo, do ... over (correctly)
- 〜において / 〜における in, at, on (a place, time, or field); regarding
- 〜に限る nothing beats ...; ... is the best
- 〜にかけては when it comes to ~ (one excels)
- 〜に代わって on behalf of ~; instead of ~
- 〜に関して regarding ~; concerning ~
- 〜に決まっている surely ~; bound to be ~; must be ~
- 〜に比べて compared to ~; in comparison with ~
- 〜にしたがって as ~; in accordance with ~; following ~
- 〜にしても〜にしても whether ~ or ~; either way
- 〜に対して（対象・対比） toward ~; with respect to ~; in contrast to ~
- 〜に違いない must be; I'm sure that; no doubt
- 〜について about; concerning; regarding
- 〜につれて as; in proportion as; along with
- 〜にとって for; to; from the standpoint of
- 〜には in order to; for (the purpose of)
- 〜に反して contrary to; against (expectation)
- 〜によって（原因・理由） due to; because of; owing to
- 〜によって（対応） depending on; according to; varying with
- 〜によって（手段・方法） by means of; through; depending on
- 〜によっては depending on; in some cases of
- 〜によると according to (source of information)
- 〜にわたって over (a span); throughout; spanning
- 〜のでしょうか I wonder…? / could it be that…?
- 〜場合 in the case of… / if…
- 〜ばかりでなく not only… (but also)
- 〜はずがない there's no way that… / it can't be that…
- 〜ば〜のに if only ... would/could (counterfactual regret)
- 〜は別として apart from ...; setting ... aside
- 〜はもちろん not only ... but also; ... of course, and ...
- 〜ぶり after an interval of ...; for the first time in ...; manner of ...
- 〜ふりをする pretend to; act as if
- 〜べきだ should; ought to
- 〜べきだった should have; ought to have
- 〜ば〜ほど the more ... the more ...
- 〜ほど（程度） to the extent that; so... that
- 〜ほど〜はない nothing is more... than; the most...
- まるで〜ようだ（比喩） just like; as if
- まるで〜みたいだ（比喩） just like; as if (colloquial)
- 〜向けに intended for; aimed at (a target group)
- 〜ようがない there is no way to ...; can't possibly ...
- 〜ようとする to try to ...; to be about to ...
- 連用中止 continuative (-i / -te) clause linking
- 〜わけがない there's no way that…; impossible that…
- 〜わけだ that's why…; no wonder…; so that means…
- 〜わけではない it's not that…; it doesn't (necessarily) mean that…
- 〜わけにはいかない can't (for social/moral reasons); mustn't allow oneself to…
- 〜わりに considering ~; despite ~ (contrary to expectation)
- 〜を込めて with (feeling/effort) put into ~
- 〜を中心に centering on ~; mainly around ~
- 〜を通して through ~; by means of ~
- 〜を通して／〜を通じて（期間） throughout (a period); all through