〜までに made ni

〜までに（made ni）means “by (a deadline); before (a time)”. 「までに」marks a deadline: the action must be completed at or before that point. Formation: N（時間・日付）+ までに ／ V-る + までに

by (a deadline); before (a time)

N4

Formation

N（時間・日付）+ までに ／ V-る + までに

Explanation

「までに」marks a deadline: the action must be completed at or before that point. Contrast with 「まで」(continuous up to), which marks a duration; 「までに」marks a one-time action by a limit.

Examples

あした の あさ じゅうじまでにれんらくしてください。
あしたのあさじゅうじまでにれんらくしてください。
Please contact me by ten o'clock tomorrow morning.
でんしゃ が 出る までにきっぷを かいましょう。
でんしゃがでるまでにきっぷをかいましょう。
Let's buy the tickets before the train leaves.

Note

「まで」= continuous action up to a point (待つ・働く); 「までに」= deadline for a one-time action (出す・帰る).

FAQ

〜までに — what does it mean and how is it used?

by (a deadline); before (a time). 「までに」marks a deadline: the action must be completed at or before that point. Contrast with 「まで」(continuous up to), which marks a duration; 「までに」marks a one-time action by a limit.

〜までに — how do you form it?

N（時間・日付）+ までに ／ V-る + までに

〜までに — any usage notes?

「まで」= continuous action up to a point (待つ・働く); 「までに」= deadline for a one-time action (出す・帰る).

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