〜し、〜し shi 〜 shi

〜し、〜し（shi 〜 shi）means “and (besides); both... and (listing reasons)”. し lists two or more reasons or facts, implying 'and on top of that'. Formation: V普通形 + し ／ イA + し ／ ナA + だし ／ N + だし

and (besides); both... and (listing reasons)

N4

Formation

V普通形 + し ／ イA + し ／ ナA + だし ／ N + だし

Explanation

し lists two or more reasons or facts, implying 'and on top of that'. It often gives several grounds leading to a conclusion, sometimes leaving the conclusion unstated. Even a single し can imply 'and there are other reasons too'.

Examples

この店は安いし、料理もおいしいし、よく来ます。
このみせはやすいし、りょうりもおいしいし、よくきます。
This place is cheap, and the food is tasty too, so I come often.
今日は雨だし、疲れているし、家にいよう。
きょうはあめだし、つかれているし、いえにいよう。
It's raining today, and I'm tired too, so let's stay home.

Note

な-adjectives and nouns take だ before し (静かだし／学生だし). Politeness can rise with です/ます (〜ですし).

FAQ

〜し、〜し — what does it mean and how is it used?

and (besides); both... and (listing reasons). し lists two or more reasons or facts, implying 'and on top of that'. It often gives several grounds leading to a conclusion, sometimes leaving the conclusion unstated. Even a single し can imply 'and there are other reasons too'.

〜し、〜し — how do you form it?

V普通形 + し ／ イA + し ／ ナA + だし ／ N + だし

〜し、〜し — any usage notes?

な-adjectives and nouns take だ before し (静かだし／学生だし). Politeness can rise with です/ます (〜ですし).

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